Autism Disorder Essay - 1832 Words

Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder of the brain that severely impacts socialization, communication, and may even cause obsessive or repetitive behaviors. Autism delays the brains normal development, and is also correlated with a milder form of the syndrome known as a pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-N OS). Since it was first identified in 1943, there has been increasing rate in new diagnoses each year. Muhle, Trenracoste, and Rapin (2004) found that the rate of diagnosis for Autism has risen 556% between the years of 1991 and 1997. Many feel that this increase is due to a shifting of diagnostic criteria, or newer defining characteristics of the syndrome. The expansion of the diagnostic criteria†¦show more content†¦Because men lack the extra or â€Å"back-up† X chromosome that women have, they are more likely to develop symptoms of Autism, while women have the extra X chromosome to function with if there are abnormalities on th eir first. Along with the high prevalence of Autism in boys, there also seems to be a high ratio of twins that also develop the disorder. Muhle et al., (2004) found through studies, that nearly 60% of monozygotic twins, or identical twins, showed similarities in that both twins shared classic Autistic traits. On the other hand, in dizygotic twins, or fraternal twins, they found 0% similarities in sharing classic Autistic traits. Findings like these suggest that an underlying cause of Autism may be found in genes. Autism was first brought to the world’s attention by a child psychiatrist named Leo Kanner. He published his first article, bringing the world up to date on a new disorder called Autism in 1943. His article was called â€Å"Autistic Disturbances of Affective Contact†, and talked about his case studies. Kanner said that he had seen instances of these types of children as early as 1938. In his article he discusses his case studies of eleven children, of which ei ght were boys and 3 girls. Early on you can see that there was still a higher prevalence of boys diagnosed with Autism. On the other side of the spectrum, was a man named Bruno Bettelheim, who also studied the Autism disorder. Bettelheim, in large part, came up with the theory of the refrigeratorShow MoreRelatedAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Autism )900 Words   |  4 Pages Autism Disorder Mohamed Ayoub Community College of Aurora Autism Spectrum Disorder We are living in a time where a remarkable and advanced medical treatments exist. However, scientists and medical professionals are constantly faced with diseases and disorders that contemporary humanity needs a cure and treatment. Amongst the disorders that affecting our young people today is the autism spectrum disorder. 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What used to be known as Autism was later renamed in the DSM to Autism Spectrum Disorder meaning, a neurodevelopmental disorder rather than a pervasive developmental disorder (Gargiulo, 2015). Autism s pectrum disorder is a developmental disorder characterized by abnormal or impairedRead MoreAutism And Autism Spectrum Disorder Essay1500 Words   |  6 PagesSzopinski English III 29 April 2016 Autism Scientifically, autism and autism spectrum disorder, also known as ASD, are commonly used names for difficult disorders that have to do with brain development. Disorders like these are grouped by someone’s difficulty in social interaction, repetitive behaviors, and nonverbal communication. To the people who are diagnosed with this disorder and the families it affects; it is so much more than just science. Autism had many different names and age whenRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder And Autism Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pagesof the most widely known abnormal disorders is Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism is a complicated disorder because it represents a wide range of developmental disorders categorized by criteria such as: impaired social interactions, verbal and nonverbal communication breakdowns, and repetitive behaviors. Since Autism Spectrum Disorder is on a spectrum, as the name suggests, there are individuals with mild to little symptoms classified by Autism Spectrum Disorder and others who classify severely inRead MoreThe Autism Spectrum Disorder ( Autism )1826 Words   |  8 PagesAutism is also known as classical autism as well as an autism spectrum disorder or ASD. Classical autism is one of the five types of autism spectrum disorders in which all are developmental brain disorders. The development disability challenges children to have social, communication and language problems and a limited range of activities and interests. 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